![]() ![]() Also considered here are zones (no-man’s-land, the edge of empire) that resist translations and that treat authors as representatives of their national, religious, or linguistic origins. This is the case at borders, checkpoints, and reception centers where migrants are processed for entry into national territory. The translator’s study, the garden, the library, the psychoanalyst’s couch-these are structures that foster dialogues between the immediate present and a wider universe.Ī final category includes spaces which Michel Foucault would call “disciplinary,” where languages are a form of Surveillance and Control. Thresholds define language transactions through frames that separate inside and outside, here and there. ![]() Language crossings challenge conventions, whether they be the norms of commerce in Hong Kong, modes of political protest in Montreal and Cairo, or the presence of Indigenous languages in museum displays. Translanguaging and metrolingualism include translation in their repertoire of practices. Here translation expands beyond written, textual forms to become a more volatile figure of passage across forms of expression. Modes of translation result from the tensions generated by large or small differences, encumbered or smooth passage, horizontal or vertical trajectories.Ĭrossroads call up colliding voices and activist forms of intervention and include the market, the street, the museum. The hotel, the bridge, the mountaintop, the tower-these nurture communication across languages (human, divine, or alien). Sites of Transit are liminal zones which enable travelers and pilgrims to move from one sphere to another. In the aftermath, however, a movement of countertranslation can become an instrument of redress. Translation participates in the aggression of overwriting, obliterating former histories. Five broad types can be defined: Architectures of Memory define stratified memories, where one language history has been imposed upon another, where places are renamed or subjected to linguistic conversion. But to see the translational nature of objects and places is to be attentive to the shadows of other times and languages. Translations open up routes of commerce and exchange, circulate stories, create the possibilities for coexistence on the streets. But in fact, as becomes quickly evident when attention is focused on space, interlingual exchange is anchored in specific sites which enable the work of translation and which are part of the everyday life of today’s citizens.īy exploring translation sites-places that are shaped by language traffic, places where languages and histories meet-I want to foreground the importance of translation in public life. By dint of their multiple affiliations, they are considered marginal, even alienated, from a sense of home. Where does translation take place? Translators are often imagined as figures in motion. ![]()
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